Some breeds are natural water dogs, but most dogs can learn to enjoy a swim now and then.
* Introduce a dog to water as early as possible, and make sure the experience is a positive one. Look for a pleasant, quiet place with shallow water. Keep the dog on leash; you can use a long leash, such as one made of nylon that will dry easily. Start the dog at the water's edge, then him let him trot there awhile. Wade in with the dog. If he inches in a little on his own, praise him.
* Never force a dog into the water, and do not let the dog enter deep water. You can toss a ball a couple of feet to encourage him to venture in a little deeper, but you don't want him to get in literally or figuratively over his head. Belly-deep is deep enough.
* Bring fresh water for your dog. Even freshwater streams and lakes can contain parasites and unhealthy bacteria.
* Do not let your dog swim into currents.
* It may be easy for a dog to jump into deep water, but not easy to get out. A dog can panic and possibly drown. Without an easily accessible ramp, a dog may not be able to get out of a swimming pool or jump back onto a dock. So avoid deep water.
* If you are swimming in lakes or boating, get your dog a well-fitted canine life vest. You can use a long nylon lead to prevent escapes. Keep watch to make sure he does not get tangled in the lead. As always, take fresh water for you and your dog.
* Warning: There are alligators in water bodies in Florida and coastal towns in other southern states.
* Owners who fish should take steps to make sure their pets cannot access their fishing lines, lures, hooks and bait.
* Also keep them away from feces and fish and shellfish washed up on the shore, which can contain toxins.
* In addition to using sunblock (see above), make sure your dog has access to shade. Too much sun can lead to a medical emergency.
* At the beach, sand and salt water can irritate paw pads. Rinse paws immediately after visiting the beach.
* Dry out ears immediately after playing in the water to prevent ear infections.
* If you use a flea collar, remove the flea collar before letting a dog enter water, since wet flea collars can irritate the skin, and the active ingredients will wash off.
* Pools. If you have a pool, keep it securely fenced off and, when not in use, covered with a sturdy pool cover. To enable dogs and children a way to climb out of the water, the pool needs to have graded steps out of the pool. Dogs and toddlers cannot climb ladders. If a dog cannot get out of the water, he will soon tire of paddling and drown. Also, do not assume a dog will automatically know where the steps are and how to exit the pool. You need to teach him.
* For pools secured into the cement around the pool with heavy duty springs and fasteners, the pool cover should be made of nylon mesh to allow drainage. Water cannot drain off solid fabric, so a dog or small child could slip and drown in the water on the pool cover.